Chattering Under Load: Control-Theoretic and Trajectory-Level Behavior of Lion and AdamW Under Physical Perturbation in PPO. Albahit Journal of Applied Sciences, [S. l.], v. 5, n. 3, p. 146–163, 2026. DOI: 10.65419/albahit.v5i3.161. Disponível em: https://albahitjas.com.ly/index.php/albahit/article/view/161. Acesso em: 24 sep. 2026.