Effect of Implant Design and Marginal Bone Loss on Biomechanical Stress Patterns: A 3D Finite Element Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65419/albahit.v5i2.140Abstract
This study investigates the biomechanical behavior of three dental implant geometries—solid rover, hollow rover, and cylindrical threaded designs—under simulated masticatory loading using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Vertical loads, lateral loads, and bending moments were applied to evaluate stress distribution in cortical and trabecular bone surrounding anterior implants. The analysis revealed that marginal bone loss significantly increases stress concentration, particularly in cortical regions. Among the tested designs, hollow rover implants demonstrated more balanced stress profiles in trabecular bone, though potentially at the expense of mechanical resistance. These findings suggest that implant geometry and bone integrity must be carefully considered to optimize biomechanical performance and clinical outcomes.
References
Astrand P, Engquist B, Dahlgren S, Engquist E, Feldmann H, Grondahl K (1999) Astra tech and Bra°nemark system implants: a prospective 5-year comparative study. Results after one year. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 1:17–26
Barbier L, Schepers E (1997) Adaptive bone remodeling around oral implants under axial and nonaxial loading conditions in the dog mandible. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 12:215–223
Cehreli MC, Akca K (2005) Mechanobiology of bone and mechanocoupling of endosseous titanium oral implants.J Long Term Eff Med Implants 15:139–152
Davarpanah M, Martinez H, Etienne D, Zabalegui I, Mattout P, Chiche F, Michel JF (2002) A prospective multicenter evaluation of 1,583 3i implants: 1- to 5-year data. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 17:820–8
Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Schmid B, Weigel. C, Gerber. S, Bosshardt.DD, Jo¨ nsson J, Lang NP (2004) Does excessive occlusal load affect osseointegration? An experimental study in the dog. Clin Oral Implants Res 15:259–268
Hoshaw SJ, Brunski JB, Cochran GVB (1994) Mechanical loading of Bra°nemark implants affects interfacial bone modeling and remodeling. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 9:345–360
Isidor F (1996) Loss of osseointegration caused by occlusal load of oral implants. A clinical and radiographic study in monkeys. Clin Oral Implants Res 7:143–152
Jee WSS (2001) integrated bone tissue physiology: Anatomy and physiology. In: Cowin SC (eds) Bone mechanics handbook.CRP LLC, Florida, pp 1–35
Lang NP, Bre¨gger U, Walther D, Beamer B, Kornman KS (1993) Ligature-induced periimplant infection in cynomolgus monkeys. I. Clinical and radiographic findings. Clin Oral Implants Res 4:2–11
Lindhe J, Berglundh T, Ericsson I, Liljenberg B, Marinello C(1992) Experimental breakdown of peri-implant and periodontal tissues. Clin Oral Implants Res 3:9–16
Miyata T, Kobayashi Y, Araki H, Motomura Y, Shin K (1998) The influence of controlled occlusal overload on periimplant tissue: a histologic study in monkeys. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 13:677–683
Miyata T, Kobayashi Y, Araki H, Motomura Y, Shin K (2000) The influence of controlled occlusal overload on periimplant tissue. Part: 3 a histologic study in monkeys. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 15:425–431
Moberg LE, Kondell PA, Sagulin GB, Bolin A, Heimdahl A,Gynther GW (2001) Bra°nemark system and ITI dental implant system for treatment of mandibular edentulism. A comparative randomized study 3-year follow-up. Clin Oral Implants Res 12:450–61
Mombelli A (1999) Prevention and therapy of periimplant infections. In: Lang NP, Karring T, Lindhe J (eds) Proceedings of the third European wsorkshop on Periodontology.Quintessenz Verlag, Berlin pp 281–303
Quirynen M, Naert I, van SteenbergheD(1992) Fixture design and overload influence marginal bone loss and fixture success in the Bra°nemark system. Clin Oral Implants Res 3:1–8
Ricci G, Aimetti M, Stablum W, Guasti A (2004) Crestal bone resorption 5 years after implant loading: clinical and radiologic results with a 2-stage implant system. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 19:597–602
Sanz M, Alandex J, Lazaro P, Calvo JL, Quirynen M, van Steenberghe D (1991) Histopathologic characteristics of peri-implant soft tissues in Branemark implants with 2 district clinical and radiological patterns. Clin Oral Implants Res 2:128–134
Schou S, Holmstrup P, Reibel J, Juhl M, Hjorting-Hansen E,Kornman KS (1993) Ligature-induced marginal inflammation around osseointegrated implants and ankylosed teeth:stereologic and histologic observations in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). J Periodontol 64:529–537
Weber HP, Crohin CC, Fiorellini JP (2000) A 5-year prospective clinical and radiographic study of non-submerged dental implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 11:144–53
Wennstro¨m J, Zurdo J, Karlsson S, Ekestubbe A, Gro¨ ndahl K, Lindhe J (2004) Bone level change at implant-supported fixed partial dentures with and without cantilever extension after 5 years in function. J Clin Periodontol 31:1077–1083
Akca K, Iplikcioglu H (2002) Finite element stress analysis of the effect of short -implant usage in place of cantilever extensions in mandibular posterior edentulism. J Oral Rehabil 4:350–356
Cehreli M, Akkocaog˘ lu. M, Co¨ mert A, Tekdemir I, Akca K (2005) Human ex vivo bone tissue strains around natural teeth versus immediate oral implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 16:540–548
Esposito M, Worthington HV, Coulthard P (2001) In search of truth: the role of systematic reviews and meta-analyses for assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation with oral implants. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 3:62–78
Goldman FM, Millsap JS, Brenman HS (1957) Origin of registration of the architectural pattern, the lamina dura, and the alveolar crest in the dental radiograph. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 10:749–58
Goaz PW, White SC (eds) (1987) Oral radiology: principles and interpretation. 176. St Louis: CV Mosby company 20. Isidor F (1996) Loss of osseointegration caused by occlusal load of oral implants. A clinical and radiographic study in monkeys. Clin Oral Implants Res 7:143–152
Jee WSS (2001) integrated bone tissue physiology: Anatomy and physiology. In: Cowin SC (eds) Bone mechanics handbook. CRP LLC, Florida, pp 1–35
Melsen B, Lang NP (2001) Biological reactions of alveolar bone to orthodontic loading of oral implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 12:144–152
Mericske-Stern R, Piotti M, Sirtes G (1996) 3-D in vivo force measurements on mandibular implants supporting overdentures.Acomparative study. Clin Oral Implants Res 7:387–396
Wennstro¨m J, Zurdo J, Karlsson S, Ekestubbe A, Gro¨ ndahl K, Lindhe J (2004) Bone level change at implant-supported fixed partial dentures with and without cantilever extension after 5 years in function. J Clin Periodontol 31:1077–1083.
Amel A. Al-Zuweedi, Hussam El-Din F. El-Sheikh, & Taha Muftah Abuali. (2026). Biomechanical Evaluation of Dental Prosthesis Using 3D Finite Element Analysis. The Open European Journal for Research in Medical and Basic Sciences (OEJRMBS), 2(1), 01-12. https://easdjournals.com/index.php/oejrmbs/article/view/79
